A Step-by-Step Guide: How to Properly Use a Fire Extinguisher
Fire extinguishers are not strictly a legal requirement in the workplace, but they are classed as firefighting equipment under the Fire Safety Order part 2-13. They are often stipulated by risk assessments and insurance companies as a requirement within a premise. Those who may have to use a fire extinguisher to extinguish a fire should have received appropriate fire safety training. However, if a fire extinguisher is used in an emergency to aid escape, training is not required. The type of fire extinguisher used is crucial to safely combating the fire. Using the wrong one can have severe, life-threatening consequences. Before attempting to fight any fire, always call the fire and rescue service at 999 or 112 (in the UK) or 911 (in the USA).
Ensure the fire doesn't involve electrical equipment unless using a water mist fire extinguisher with less than 1,000 volts. Stand at least 3 meters from the fire, pull the pin, break the tamperproof seal, and hold the operating lever in one hand. Remove the nozzle, and aim at the base of the fire. Gently squeeze the lever in a slow sweeping motion to extinguish the flames. Make sure to discharge the extinguisher fully to ensure the fire is out.
When using a foam fire extinguisher, try to contain any flowing liquids. Ensure the fire does not involve electrical equipment unless you're using a deionised water-based foam extinguisher. Break the seal, pull the pin, and hold the operating lever in one hand while removing the discharge hose. Aim at the base of the fire and squeeze the lever, sweeping the foam across the fire. For liquid fires, aim at the side of the fire and move the nozzle slowly to avoid spreading the flames.
Never touch the fire extinguisher's horn during or after use as it can freeze your hands. Stand 1-3 meters from the fire, pull the pin, and hold the horn at a 90-degree angle to the cylinder. Squeeze the lever to release CO2, sweeping from side to side over the fire for Class B fires. For electrical fires, ensure the electricity is off and aim the horn directly at the fire. Discharge the extinguisher fully and leave the area if there are signs of reignition.
If you encounter a fire involving oils or fats, a wet chemical fire extinguisher is ideal. Stand at least 3 meters from the fire, break the seal, and pull the pin. Aim the nozzle at the side of the fire and gently squeeze the lever to release potassium salts in a fine mist. The mist will create a soapy film, effectively extinguishing the fire. Always discharge the extinguisher fully and check for signs of reignition.
Stand at least 5-7 meters from the fire, break the seal, pull the pin, and hold the operating lever in one hand. Point the nozzle at the base of the fire and sweep the powder from side to side. For uncontained liquid fires, use a sweeping motion to apply powder. Always check for signs of reignition after use and exit the area if necessary.
Source: Fire Protection Association
In conclusion, fire departments provide critical services that help prevent and respond to emergencies. They educate the public on fire safety, help with evacuations, and provide essential training. Firefighters use specialized training and equipment to safeguard communities and save lives.
